ESTIMATOR CUM DRAFTSMAN
FOREST INDUSTRIES (TRAVANCORE) LTD.
(CATEGORY NO. 294/2012)
INDUSTR1AL MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING1. INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
Principles of management: Meaning of management -Taylor's scientific management, Functions of
management - Different types of ownership - Organizational structure.
The principles of a good wage payment system: Types of wages - Nominal, real, living, fair, and
minimum wages - Incentives.
Quality Planning and its developments: Definitions of quality- Dimensions of quality-TQM concept
Project Management Techniques: Introduction to Network analysis - Commonly used terms in CPM and PERT - CPM - Operation, earliest finish time (EFT), latest finish time (LFT), critical path, event, slack or float, dummy activity - Construction and numbering of network diagram - Fulkerson's rule -Simple problems on CPM (by AOA method only) - PERT - Comparison between CPM and PERT -Calculation of expected time - Event, activity, successor event, predecessor event, earliest expected time, latest allowable time, slack.
Quantitative techniques in management: Methods -Linear programming: - Formulation of LPP -
Transportation problem - North West corner rule, Vogel's approximation method - Simple problems. -Game theory - Two-persons zero sum game - Maxi-min and mini-max principle - Saddle point -simple problems.
Materials and sales management.:- Inventory management -definition and classification -purchase procedure -buying techniques -EOQ and ABC analysis. Stores management -introduction -store keeping functions -duties of store keeper -store layout - Centralized and decentralized store -store records -indent forms -bincard -store ledger. Sales - importance -functions of sales department -sales forecasting.
2. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
Production planning and control: Concepts of industry - Meaning of the term production and
productivity -Methods of increasing productivity - Types of production - Job production batch production, mass production, continuous production - Explanation of production planning control - Benefits and functions of PPC - Preplanning activities - Forecasting, plant location, product planning, design and development, material selection, Process planning, determination of men, machines, material and tool requirements - Process palnning -Choice of machine in process planning - Break even analysis - Process sheet -Process planning procedure -Routing - Scheduling - Dispatching - Value Engineering - Plant location and layout - Factors to be considered in locating industrial plants - Plant layout - Types of layouts - Compare the advantages and disadvantages of each type - Plant maintenance - Types of maintenance.
Method study: Work study – Advantages and application of work study to increase productivity -Method study - Therbligs and their symbols - Presets chart symbols - Preparation of operation process chart, flow process chart, man-machine chart right hand left hand chart, and simo chart - Flow diagram - Principles of motion economy - Rules concerning human body, work placelayout and material handling, tools and equipment design - Objectives of work measurement - Procedure of stop watch time study - Standard time calculation -Production study - Work sampling - Steps in work sampling.
Inspection and Quality control: Concept of quality and quality control - Product control - Concepts of
adhesiveness, cohesiveness, refractoriness. Types of patterns- single piece pattern, split pattern, match plate pattern, gated pattern, loose piece pattern, sweep pattern - Pattern allowances- shrinkage allowance, draft allowance, machining allowance, distortion or camber allowance, rapping allowance
Bench work and fitting: Fitting operations like chipping, filing, scraping, grinding, sawing, marking, drilling, reaming, tapping, dieing - Tools used in fitting- vice (bench vice, pipe vice, hand vice), files- various types of files-specification of files-chisels, hammers, hack saw, scrapers, punches, surface plate, surface gauge, V-block, angle plate, try square,combination set, steel rule, calipers(outside and inside), divider, scriber, drills,, reamer, tap and tap wrench, die and die stock, goggles.
3. MACHINE TOOLS
Metal cutting :Orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting, chip formation , type of chips, cutting speed , feed and depth of cut --Tool life - Machinability
Lathe and lathe work: Type of lathe -Lathe parts, function of each part - Lathe accessories - Work holing and tool holding devices.- Speed, feed and depth of cut - Operations - taper turning methods,
-Lathe specification
Drilling machines: Classification - Work holding devices - Types of drill bits - Tool holding devices
-Operations.
Shaping Machines :General use of a shaper - Parts and their functions.
Slotting Machines: General use of a slotter - Slotter parts and their functions.
Planing machines: General use of a planer - Planner parts and their functions.
Milling machines: General use of milling machines - Parts of milling machines and their functions -
Types of milling machines - Cutter holding devices (a) arbours (b) collets - Milling operations - plain
milling, key and key ways, gang milling , T - slot milling - Milling methods (a) conventional milling
(b) climb milling - Types of indexing.
Broaching Machines: General use of a broaching machines - Parts and their functions.
Gear manufacture: Method of making gears - Gear hobbling.
Jigs and Fixtures: Definition of jigs and fixtures.
Grinding: Abrasives- natural, artificial - Bonding materials -vitrified, silicate, shellac, rubber - Kind of abrasives, grain size, grade and structure, kind of bond material, functions of the grinding wheels - Grinding machines - Cylindrical grinders.-centre type and centre less type grinders.
Computer Numerical Control (CNC): Machine tools ( brief description only)
FLUID MECHANICS . PNEUMATICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES
1 .FLUID MECHANICS AND PNEUMATICS
Properties of Fluids :Density - specific weight - specific volume - specific gravity - problems - viscosity -kinematics viscosity -Newton's law of viscosity - types of fluids - compressibility - surface tension - capillarity Fluid pressure and its measurement: Fluid pressure at a point - pressure head - problems -Pascal's law -absolute, gauge, atmospheric and vacuum pressures - simple problems - measurement of fluid pressure -Piezometer tube - simple manometer- differential manometer - inverted differential manometer - Bourdon's tube pressure gauge - total pressure.
Kinematics and Dynamics of fluid flow: Introduction - types of fluid flow - steady and unsteady flow - uniform and non-uniform flow - laminar and turbulent flow - compressible and incompressible flow -
rotational and ir-rotational flow - rate of flow or discharge - equation of continuity of a liquid flow - simple problems -energy of a liquid in motion - potential energy - kinetic energy - pressure energy - total energy - total head of liquid in motion - Bernoulli's equation — practical applications of Bernoulli's equation - venturimeter - Orifice meter - Pitot tube.
Flow through Orifices, Notches, Pipes and Nozzles: Orifices - types of orifices - Vena contracta -
coefficient of contraction - coefficient of velocity— coefficient of discharge — Notches -types of notches - Flow through pipes - loss of head in pipes - major energy losses - minor energy losses - loss of energy due to friction - Darcy's formulae(No derivation) for loss of head in pipes - Chezy's formula (No derivation ) for loss of head in pipes - simple problems - loss of head due to sudden enlargement - loss of head due to sudden contraction(No derivation) - water hammer .
Fluid Power: Introduction - Basic law - Applications of fluid power
Hydraulic system: Basic elements of hydraulic system - Oil reservoir pump unit - Principles of working of Positive displacement pump - Classifications - Gear pumps, Screw Pump, Vane pumps, Lobe pump, Simple piston pumps.
Hydraulic control elements and components: Control valves - Functions - classifications - Describe the working of pressure control valves such as relief valves - poppet valve - Direction control valves- check valves. Flow control valves - types - gate, globe, butterfly valves, non return valve.
Pneumatic System: Comparison of pneumatic system with hydraulic system - identification of standard pneumatic symbols - basic pneumatic system - air filter - pressure regulator - lubricator - mufflers Pneumatic control elements and components: Pneumatic control valves -Air cylinders.
2. HYDRAULIC MACHINES
Impulse turbines: Development of water Turbines-classification-impulseTurbine-Pelton
wheel Components.
Reaction turbines: Components—difference between impulse& Reaction—Classification of
RcactionTurbines—Francis Turbine- Kaplan Turbine -Draft tubes - specific speed.
Centrifugal pump: Types of casing—piping system of CP-work done, manometric head-
efficiencies-discharge—power required to drive -multistage pumps -specific speed of CP-cavitationpriming.
Reciprocating pump:Types -comparison of CP & RP -discharge—slip -air vessels , Hydraulic ram.
PART- IV: APPLIED MECHANICS, STRENGTH OF MATERIALS AND
DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS
1. APPLIED MECHANICS , STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
Direct Stresses and strains: Types of stresses and strains - tensile and compressive - longitudinal and
lateral strain -Poisson's ratio - behaviour of mild steel under tension - stress strain diagram - limit of
proportionality - elastic limit - yield point - ultimate stress - working stress - factor of safety -
comparison of stress strain diagram of a mild steel and a brittle material- Hooks law and Young's
modulus - principle of super position - stresses in varying section - stresses in composite section -
simple problems.
Shear stress and shear strain: Shear stress and strain - modulus of rigidity - volumetric strain, bulk
modulus - simple problems
Thermal Stress and strain: Nature and magnitude of stresses due to change in temperature - total or
partial prevention of expansion and contraction - temperature stress on composite bar- simple
problems.
Friction: Introduction - type of friction - static friction, dynamic friction, sliding friction, rolling
friction, pivot friction, limiting friction, angle of friction, coefficient of friction, cone of friction - state
laws of friction. - static friction and kinetic friction.
Centre of gravity of sections: Centroids - centre of gravity -axis of symmetry and axis of reference -
methods to find center of gravity - simple geometric sections such as rectangle, triangle and circle.
Moment of inertia of sections: Moment of inertia - radius of gyration.
Riveted joints: Types - lap joint - single riveted, double riveted ( chain and zigzag ) - butt joint -
single cover single riveted, double cover single riveted - failure of riveted joints - failure of rivets -
shearing and crushing - failure of plates - tearing across a row of rivets - tearing off plate at an edge -
strength of rivet, plate and riveted joint - efficiency of a riveted joint. - caulking and Fullering
operations.
Welded joints: welding terms - leg of the weld, size of the fillet weld, throat thickness, effective length of
the weld, side fillet weld and end fillet weld - strength of welded joints.
Thin Cylinders: Failures of thin cylinder - stresses in thin cylindrical shell - hoop stress -
longitudinal stress.
Torsion of circular shafts: Torsion equation - strength equation for solid and hollow shaft ( no proof)
- power equation - polar moment of inertia.
Springs: Types of spring - leaf spring - helical prings.
Shear force and bending moment: Types of beams - cantilever beam, simply supported beam, over
hanging beam, built in beam or fixed beam and continuous beam - types of loading — concentrated or
point load, uniformly distributed load and uniformly varying load - shear force and bending moment
diagrams - cantilever beams - point load, uniformly distributed load and combination of point load and
uniformly distributed load - simply supported beam - point load, uniformly distributed load and
combination of point load and uniformly distributed load -maximum bending moment on the section.
Columns and struts: Column, strut, buckling load, equivalent length, slendemess ratio - types of
columns - short column, medium size column, long column.
2. MACHINE DRAWING AND DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS
Screw Threads: Thread terminology- Forms of screw threads (Square thread, V thread) - Witworth
thread-British Association thread-American standard thread—Acme thread-ISO metric thread—square
thread-single start and multi start threads-right hand and left hand threads-conventional representation
of threads, bolted connection using standard proportions..
Welded joints and piping layout: Classification of welds- Elementary welding symbols — Types of
pipes Methods of connecting pipes-pipe threads-Representation of pipe threads - Types of pipe joints -
Single and double line orthographic symbols for pipe fittings and valves (flanged, screwed and welded
joints).
Surface Roughness: Surface roughness terminology- surface roughness values, Grades and symbols.
General design considerations: General procedure - Design stress and working stress - factor of safety.
Bolts, Nuts and Key: Designation of screw threads - stresses in screwed fastenings due to static loading –initial stresses - stresses due to external forces - bolts of uniform strength - types of keys - forces acting on a sunk key -strength of a sunk key - calculation of key size using empirical proportions.
Shafts: Torsional stresses and strains - strength of solid and hollow shaft - comparisons - power
transmitted by shaft - Compare solid and hollow shaft in terms of their weight, strength and stiffness.
Couplings: Shaft couplings - requirement - types.
Bearings: Functions of bearings - classification of bearings - Radial bearings - thrust bearings - sliding
contact bearings - rolling contact bearings.
Cams: Classification of followers and cams - motion of the followers - uniform velocity, simple harmonic motion - uniform acceleration and retardation - cam terminology.
Governors and Flywheels: Functions of the governors - types of governors - simple watt governor -
porter governor-flywheels - comparison with governors - coefficient of fluctuation of speed - fluctuation of energy – maximum fluctuation of energy - coefficient of fluctuation of energy.
Belt Drives: Types of belts - flat belt, circular belt or rope, V-belt -types of flat belt drives - open and
crossed belt drive - compound belt drive - stepped or cone pulley drive - velocity ratio - slip - creep.
Gears and Gear Trains: Functions of gears - friction wheels - advantages and disadvantages of a gear
drive - spur gear nomenclature - simple gear drive - velocity ratio - gear trains - simple gear train -
compound gear train.
THERMAL ENGINEERING
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics: Concept of System -open, closed and isolated system -
boundary, surroundings, state & properties - Intrinsic and extrinsic, pressure (absolute,
atmospheric, gauge and vacuum), temperature, S.T.P and N.T.P values.- Energy-, internal
energy, flow work, enthalpy, entropy, specific volume, thermal and thermodynamic
equilibrium, Specific heats of gases, specific heat at constant volume and specific heat at
constant pressure - their relations.
Thermodynamic Laws (Brief explanations): 1. Zeroth law 2. First law 3. Second law
Laws of perfect gases (Brief explanations): 1. Boyle's law 2. Charle's law 3. Regnault's law
4. Avogadro's law 5. Joule's law
Gas equation: characteristic gas equation, characteristic gas constant and universal gas constant.
Thermodynamic Processcs:Explanation, p-V diagram. Isochoric process, Isobaric process, Isothermal process, Isentropic process, Polytrophic process, Throttling process .
diagrams and derivation of air standard efficiency of Carnot Cycle, Otto cycle, Diesel cycle.
combustion cycle with P-V diagram (No derivation of air standard efficiency)
Fuels & Combustion: Classification of fuels-solid, liquid, & gaseous- Merits & demerits of
various types of fuels Requirements of a good fuel. Calorific Value
Testing of IC. Engines: Performance of I.C.Engines- testing- Indicated power, Brake Power,
Friction Power, - Mechanical Efficiency- Indicated Thermal efficiency, Brake Thermal
efficiency, Relative efficiency-Total fuel consumption & Specific Fuel Consumption-Morse
test for Determination of IP. of multi-cylinder engine- Heat balance sheet- problems
Heat Transfer: Heat Transfer- conduction, convection and radiation
Heat Exchangers: Heat exchangers-Classification- Recuperator type and regenerative type,
parallel flow, counter flow type & cross flow.
Air Compressors: construction and working of Air compressors- function of an air
compressor- uses of compressed air -Classfiication of the air compressors- working of
reciprocating compressors (single stage and two stage), rotary compressors - fans and blowers,
centrifugal compressors and axial flow compressors. Mechanical efficiency & Volumetric
efficiency
Different systems of I C engines: Fuel systems, - components —carburetion - functions of
carburetor -working fuel systems of diesel engine -fuel filter - injector and injection nozzle -
ignition system — cooling system - classification of cooling system - radiators -
I C engine lubrication system - forced system - governing systems- quantity governing -
quality governing - hit and miss governing.
Principles of Refrigeration:Definition of refrigeration, concept of C.O.P, unit of
Refrigeration, reversed carnot cycle- COP, Application of refrigeration,
Vapour Compression Refrigeration systems: Principles and working of a vapour
compression system with the help of flow diagram. C.O.P of vapour compression
systems.
Refrigeration Equipments: Compressors - Condensers - Evaporators - Expansion Devices:
Capillary tube, Thermostatic expansion valve.
refrigerants
Psychrometry: Definition, Dry air, moist air, saturated, unsaturated and super saturated air,
degree of saturation, dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, dew point temperature.
Psychrometric Processes: Sensible heating, sensible cooling -humidifying, dehumidifying
Air Conditioning: Definition, factors affecting human comfort, effective temperature
Air conditioning systems: Classification - industrial, comfort air conditioning, working of
summer air conditioning, winter and year round air conditioning.
NOTE: - It may be noted that apart from the topics detailed above, questions from other topics prescribed for the educational qualification of the post may also appear in the question paper. There is no undertaking that all the topics above may be covered in the question paper.
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